Nguyễn Trọng

Toi vua vao site Ziendan doc bai tra loi cua anh. Cam on anh da tra loi
nhanh chong va chi tiet.

Toi hoan toan dong y voi suy luan cua anh cho su dien bien tieng Viet tu
luc co su di dan, lai lan nhau giau cac toc nguoi, dua den mot tieng Viet
phuc tap nhu ngay nay. Tuy nhien van de la lam sao di tro ve truoc them
nua. Du biet la kho' co' the truy tim nguon goc tieng xa hon 4000 nam, theo
cac nha ngon ngu, nhung neu biet duoc goc nhung tieng phai co' luc mot toc
nguoi phat minh ra mot ky thuat, hay nhung tieng can ban ve cuoc song (an,
ngu du, ia, nhu anh noi) thi rat co' ich cho viec dinh su kien theo thoi
gian. Chang han nhu cac nha nghien cuu o Quang Tay chung minh qua so sanh
tieng Zhuang va tieng Hoa la viec trong lua da xay ra mot cach doc lap o
vung Quang Tay trong nhom dan Bach Viet to tien cua dan Zhuang, vi trong
tieng Hoa khong co' tieng rieng cho lua va nghe trong lua luc do. Tuy the,
ho cung cong nhan la theo ket qua khao co, ky thuat trong lua cua vung doc
song Duong tu tien bo hon ky thuat tai Quang Tay vao truoc 7000 nam BP (qua
khao co o Hemudu). Theo toi, nghe trong lua da sinh ra va phat trien truoc
o luu vuc Truong Giang, vi nganh khao co cang ngay cang phat hien nhieu cho
trong lua xua, voi vet tich cua su thuan hoa tu lau voi lua hoang dia
phuong(dac biet la ket qua khao co USA-China tai hang Diaotonghuan tinh Anhui)
Theo nhung tac gia nay, co' the lua' nep da sinh ra trong vung Quang Tay,
va no' phu hop voi phan tich DNA lua nep moi cong bo tai My. Diem dang ngac
nhien la co tu "luk" cua dan Zhuang doc gan nhu lu'a. Anh co biet nguon goc
tieng lua khong, va nghi the nao ve luan diem ghi chu' sau day ?

Co mot tu nua la "dua" (coconut). Theo toi "dua" la tieng Austronesian (doc
la "ni-eur") vung co nhieu dua, vi Trung Hoa khong co' dua, hay chi co o
Hai Nam, la noi ho chi lien lac nhieu may the ky sau Tay Lich. Anh co biet
"dua" tieng Hai Nam doc ra sao ?

Noi chung toi muon lam sang to nguon goc nguoi Viet bang mot cai nhin da
nganh (khao co, di truyen hoc, ngon ngu, dia ly, huyen thoai...) nhu
Oppenheimer da lam cho nho'm dan Austronesian trong "Eden in the East").
Toi xin phep anh truoc de refer den cong viec anh lam khi nao toi ra sach
ve tien su tren dat Viet ( neu lam xong noi). Neu duoc xin anh cho biet ten
rieng va reference bai (tren net hay trong bao hard copy)

Trong


Phu ghi ve tu len quan den lua cua tieng Zhuang:

Genetic evidence suggests Guangxi as the homeland of wild rice because it
is one province where it is the most widespread and had the right
conditions for planting early cultivated rice. Most people believe ordinary
wild rice is ancestral to cultivated rice. It is worthwhile to mention that
animal bone and tortoise shell inscriptions have the classical word where
guwenxian means lou. In Yin inscription, there is no rice character, it
appearing in Zhou Dynasty bronze inscriptions: "Rice falls this season;
next season it grows naturally and is called ni", meaning ni is wild rice
and should be pronounced luk. As some Xian Wen Shuowen say it must be
pronounced lit, there is obvious pronunciation differences. The author
thinks ni and lou are Zhuang Dong phonetic pronunciations of Han
characters, with both acceptable. Until now the Zhuang still say "Rice
falls this season; next season it grows naturally but is called hau luk (8)
or baby rice, which sounds as ni, with rice germ as git and rice rationing
as hau git. Here git is ni or to, as the absence of a "g" Chinese consonant
is replaced by "l". According to Chinese sounds, the Zhuang lay is
pronounced the same as git or luk. Judging from language origin, the Zhuang
were the earliest to know and use wild rice. The independent origin of
Zhuang paddy rice agriculture can also be proven as follows.

(1) Zhuang Dong paddy rice glossary was rarely influenced by Han or other
people. The author collected 42 characters and words involving rice, like
harvesting, cultivation, tools, and food processing and cooking and their
tools, etc. The seven Zhuang Dong peoples have 288 corresponding words, 246
(85.4%) of which are identical or close (final and initial consonants
basically alike). But the Zhuang Thai languages of Zhuang, Thai and Lau Gou
and the Dong Sui languages of Dong, Moaloa and Munan are more than 95%
alike. Of the 288 words, only 8 (27%) were borrowed from Han, the rest very
pure without sign of origin or borrowing from Han, Zhuang Dong or other
language. These words involve paddy rice agriculture and may reflect rice
product production and processing. Comparative linguistic theory suggests
all languages grew from a common primitive mother tongue, their
differentiation gradually evolving. French linguist Mayer says: "Each
ancient common language reflects a type of civilization"

(2). The Zhuang Dong glossary suggests the primitive mother tongue describes a type of
paddy rice civilization, a high degree of correspondence suggesting that
before differentiation, the Zhuang already had paddy rice agriculture.
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Quang Trong NGUYEN, Professor,
email: trong.nguyen@xxxyyyzzz.fr

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